United States Military Aircraft 1989 - 2005
The thaw in the Cold War during the Reagan administration had given many in the US government high hopes for a “peace dividend”, but this was not to be. The events of late 1989 came as a shock to many in the west and served to put a halt to further cuts to the defense budget. Two years later the performance of the USAF and USN during Operation Desert Storm and the August 1991 change in government in the Soviet Union seemed to solidify their aircraft modernization plans. Despite the threat environment, there were still budgetary concerns and many in Congress and the DOD realized that something had to be done.
Following the 1992 election, Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney launched the Unified Major Aircraft Review to evaluate the aircraft programs and proposals of ALL the armed forces in one, comprehensive review. Secretary Cheney realized that the days of each service having unique aircraft for every mission were rapidly coming to an end. The word Congress wanted to hear was “joint”, a word they associated with “cheaper”. He also realized the need for a new generation of aircraft, but he was determined that these aircraft would not enter production until they had been thoroughly tested. His desire was to avoid at all cost any repeats of the fiasco of bringing the B-1B Lancer bomber into service during the 1980s before it was ready. Secretary Cheney and the Strategic Air Command leadership in particular had come under fire for the failure of the B-1B to see action on Operation Desert Storm. It was lost on many in the media and Congress that the B-1B has done its job sitting nuclear alert. All the critics saw was a program that billions had been spent on, an aircraft that the Air Force did not commit to action, and could only drop dumb bombs even if it had seen action. After tough negotiations, Congress agreed to provide sufficient funds to carry out rigorous testing. The result was that many new aircraft entered service later than had been originally planned, but they were ready for combat when they did. Additionally, many programs were consolidated into joint programs.
One of the most significant decisions was the 1992 decision to phase-out the entire F-4 and A-7 fleets from service with the ANG and AFRES by 2002 in favor of expanded production of the F-16C/D. The rationale behind this decision was that while it would cost more upfront to acquire the additional aircraft, in theory annual operating expenses could be reduced by standardization of training and simplification of logistics. Many in the USAF leadership were opposed to this plan, believing that following the success of the F-117 in Operation Desert Storm only so-called 5th Generation stealth fighters should be procured. Developmental and testing issues in both the F-22 and F-24 programs that delayed the service entry of both aircraft validated the decision to continue acquisition of the 4th Generation F-16C/D in order to maintain the desired force structure and avoid block obsolescence.
The most significant program was the Joint Tactical Aircraft Technologies (JTAT) begun in 1994 following the UMAR. The UMAR canceled the A-12 and the Naval Advanced Tactical Fighter. JTAT was the product of the combination of the canceled programs as well as the numerous other light fighter and STOVL programs that were competing with each other for funding in the early 1990s. As the USAF, USMC, USN, and allies looked toward the future, they realized that the A-6, EA-6B, F-14, AV-8, A-10, F-16, F-111, EF-111, F-15E/F, and F-117 would all require replacement shortly after the turn of the century. Early on, the services and JTAT officials realized that one airframe could not replace all of these aircraft. The solution was a two-tiered program that would develop a ‘heavy’ airframe to replace the F-14, A-6, F-111, F-15E/F, and F-117; and a ‘light’ airframe that would replace the AV-8, A-10, F-16, and later on the F/A-18C/D force. The goal of JTAT was to develop a family of common systems that would be shared by both airframes. Technology developed for the A-12 and F-22 programs was to be incorporated wherever possible to save costs. In 1998, the team of General Dynamics and Lockheed-Martin won the ‘light’ competition with their X-35 that would become the F-24. In 1999, the team of Northrup-Grumman and Lockheed-Martin won the ‘heavy’ competition with their X-37 that would become the F-25. Though some objected to Lockheed-Martin being on both winning teams, the commonality of the X-37 with the F-22 was too good of a value to pass up.
United States Military Aircraft 1989 - 2005
United States Military Aircraft - USAF
Aircraft of the United States Air Force
Tactical Aircraft
A-7D/F/K, OA-7K Corsair II
* The last A-7D left ANG service as a tactical fighter in 2003. However, the two Tactical Air Support Squadrons flying the OA-7K both operate several A-7Ds used for pilot proficiency to keep the hours down on the OA-7K fleet.
* The OA-7K is a rebuild of the surviving A-7Ks carried out during the 1990s to serve as an interim Forward Air Control aircraft pending the development and deployment of the OF-16D (q.v.) Serves in the Forward Air Controller role with two Air National Guard squadrons.
* The A-7F was a proposed rebuild of several hundred “D/K” models into a Close Air Support/Battlefield Air Interdictor aircraft. The program was canceled in early 1993 following the UMAR.
A-10A/C* Thunderbolt II
* Prior to Operation Desert Storm, TAC had planned on replacing the A-10 fleet with a dedicated attack version of the F-16C that would have become the A-16. Trials with surrogate F/A-16s utilizing a gun pod during that conflict were not encouraging. As a result of problems with the proposed A-16 and the stunning combat performance of the A-10, Congress directed that the USAF retain the A-10 fleet and plan for a life extension and modernization program. The resulting A-10C features digital avionics and PGM capability. The first squadrons received their A-10Cs in 2003. A proposal to re-engine the A-10 as part of the “C” upgrade was not proceeded with for budgetary reasons.
* The A-10B was a two-seat Night-Adverse Weather variant proposed in the early 1980s that was not procured.
F-4C/D/E/G Phantom II
* The last F-4C left ANG service in 1989 with the F-4D and F-4E following by 1998.
* The F-4G began to leave service in 1996 when the first F-15Fs became operational. All F-4Gs were out of service by 2000. The F-4Gs are the only model of the F-4 held in Type 1000 storage at AMARC.
RF-4C Phantom II
* The RF-4C began to leave active duty USAF service in 1993 when the first RF-16D entered service, with the transition completed by 1997. The last RF-4C left AFRES and ANG service in 2002.
F-5E/F Tiger II
* Flown by USAF Aggressor Squadrons until replaced by F-16s in 1988-89.
F-15A/B/C/D Eagle
* The F-15A/B model is still in service with a number of Air National Guard fighter squadrons.
* The F-15C/D is in service with both active duty and Air National Guard fighter squadrons. Beginning in 1997, all F-15Cs were upgraded with the APG-63(V)1 radar. Three squadrons of F-15Cs serving with 1st Air Force are equipped for anti-satellite missions with the ASM-135B. This capability was fielded from 1992 when the new Soviet government openly deployed its own ASAT systems.
F-15E Strike Eagle
* TAC had once planned to replace the entire F-111 force with F-15Es, but this was not to be. Acquisition of the F-15E continues at a low rate, though the production line is sustained by orders from South Korea (F-15K) and Singapore (F-15SG).
F-15F Weasel Eagle
* The winner of the competition to replace the F-4G in USAF service. This modified F-15E beat out the Tornado ECR and a modified F-16D. At the direction of Congress, the USAF explored converting existing F-15B/Ds to fulfill the Wild Weasel requirement, but in the end the desire to extend production of the F-15 won the day. The F-15F began to replace the F-4G in 1996.
F-16ADF Fighting Falcon
* A modified version of the F-16A procured during the late 1980s to equip a number of Air National Guard units that are dedicated to NORAD continental air defense mission.
F-16A/B/C/D, OF-16D Fighting Falcon
* In 1995, the USAF decided to standardize the F-16 force on the F-16C/D model. This was accomplished via a combination of new-build F-16C and applying the MLU upgrade to many earlier F-16A/B. The last un-modernized F-16A/B left USAF service in 2003. Production of the F-16C/D continues for both the USAF and export customers.
* The OF-16D is scheduled to replace the OA-7K in Air National Guard Tactical Air Support Squadrons as well as be assigned to a number of active duty F-16C squadrons. Development was largely completed by 2000, but production has been repeatedly pushed back in lieu of higher priorities. Currently programmed to enter service in 2006.
RF-16D Falcon Eye
* Replaced the RF-4C in active duty and Air National Guard reconnaissance squadrons from 1993. The RF-16Ds are the only F-16s in US service that regularly carry conformal fuel tanks.
F-16E/F Fighting Falcon
* The Block 60 F-16E/F is in production for the United Arab Emirates. No USAF acquisition is planned, but DOD officials do keep tabs on the program in the event that a major problem were to arise with the F-24A Mustang II. Production ongoing.
F-111A/D Aardvark
* The last F-111A was withdrawn from service in 1995.
* The last F-111D was withdrawn from service in 1998. A number of ‘D’ model airframes that were in the best condition were set aside for conversion to EF-111Bs. The RAAF also purchased a number of ‘D’ models as part of their force structure increase that began in the late 1990s.
F-111E/F/G Aardvark+
* Once the plan for replacing the entire F-111 fleet with F-15Es fell through after the UMAR, TAC embarked on a program to bring the remaining three models up to a common systems standard. The RAAF was considering an upgrade to its F-111C force around the same time and a joint program was agreed upon. The upgraded aircraft came out with a new digital avionics suite and greatly expanded PGM capability. The ‘G’ serves in two Air National Guard squadrons, with additional aircraft held in Type 1000 storage at AMARC in war reserve.
EF-111A/B Raven
* The EF-111A force went through an upgrade at the same time as the F-111 force. The EF-111B upgrade added to the early 1990s avionics modernization and included portions of the digital avionics upgrade applied to the F-111 fleet, new ECM equipment, and the ability to carry the AGM-88 HARM. A number of recently retired ‘A’ models were rebuilt into EF-111Bs to replace attrition and expand the fleet.
F-117A Nighthawk
* The F-117 force went though an upgrade in the late 1990s. The precise details are classified, but are rumored to have replaced the RAM coating with a more durable one used on the F-22. The F-117 fleet is scheduled to be withdrawn from service by early 2007 when they are replaced by F-24As.
F-22A/B/C/EX Raptor
* The premier program of TAC during the 1990s finally entered squadron service in 1998.
* The two-seat F-22B was deleted early in the program as a cost savings measure as it was realized just how successful the A-10 and F-117 communities had been without the benefit of any two-seat trainers and looking at how capable the latest generation of simulators had become.
* An evolved F-22C is currently in testing. The ‘C’ model will include features deleted from the ‘A’ early in the program as cost savings, including the IRST and side lobe radar. This upgrade will incorporate additional air-to-ground capabilities as well as the ability to use the AIM-152 Advanced Air to Air Missile being developed by the Navy.
* The F-22EX is a slightly downgraded F-22A intended for export to select US allies. The IRST and side lobe radar from the F-22C are optional add-ons.
F-24A Mustang II
* The F-24A currently equips two training squadron and one fighter squadron, with a second squadron transitioning. The active squadron had just reached IOC in January 2005.
F-25A Marauder II
* The first F-25As are undergoing flight-testing at Edwards AFB. The first training squadron at Luke AFB is scheduled to receive its first F-25As in May 2005, while the 366th TFW will be the first combat unit equipped with the F-25A when it receives its first aircraft in FY-07 to begin replacing its F-111Es. Early Blocks will be optimized primarily for air-to-ground missions, with later Blocks adding full air-to-air capability. An EF-25 is under consideration as a joint replacement for the USAF’s EF-111B and F-15F as well as the USN & USMC’s EA-6B/C.
Strategic Bombers
B-52G/H/J Stratofortress
* In 1993, the USAF embarked on a program to upgrade the surviving B-52G/H force to a common standard. The most noticeable change was the replacement of the eight J57 or TF-33 engines with eight Rolls-Royce BR700 (F130) turbofans. Additionally, the ‘J’ upgrade included a new synthetic aperture radar, new FLIR sensors, an onboard laser designator, and new ECM systems. A small number of upgraded aircraft as held in Type 1000 storage as war reserves. The last “G” model left service in 1999, with the last “H” model leaving service in 2003. A lone B-52G is in NASA service, replacing their B-52B in 2000.
B-1B Lancer
* The 1990s saw a major effort to improve the reliability of the B-1B that seems to be paying dividends. Under the START II/III treaties, the B-1B was removed from the nuclear role and was reassigned to a strictly conventional role. As part of the conventional upgrade following START II/III, the B-1B was given an onboard laser-designator, a FLIR system, and PGM capability.
B-2A Spirit
* The B-2A currently equips one training squadron and five bomb squadrons, with a sixth transitioning from the B-52J. Production continues at a low rate and SAC hopes to equip at least two additional squadrons.
B-3 Bomber21
* Rumors persist that an advanced hypersonic bomber is under development and many believe that such a program could explain the slow production rate of the B-2A. Given that the B-1A was cancelled by the Carter administration based on what became the B-2 being in development, it’s not to difficult to believe.
FB-111A
* Converted to F-111G beginning in 1989 and transferred to TAC beginning in mid 1990.
Transport Aircraft
C-5A/B/C/D/E/M Galaxy
* All C-5A and C-5B aircraft were brought up to “D” standard by 2002.
* Two C-5C Space Container Mods were converted from “A” models. The “C” was modified to transport outsize cargo and primarily supports the US space program. Re-designated as C-5E after receiving C-5D modifications.
* The C-5D was an engine and cockpit upgrade carried out during the 1990s.
* The C-5M is a proposed life-extension program for the C-5.
C-9A Nightingale
* Aeromedical evacuation aircraft. In process of being replaced by the C-40D from 2003.
C-17A, MC-17B Globemaster III
* Replaced all C-141s in both active-duty and reserve component units by 2004. Still in low-rate production for USAF and export customers. A commercial MD-17 variant is in use by a number of cargo carriers for the transport of outsized cargo. The purchases by some US air cargo companies were subsidized by the DOD on the condition that they be available as part of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet.
* A special-operations MC-17B entered service in 2002 to replace the C-141B SOLL II.
* Proposed developments include a variant with a fuselage plug that could replace some early-model C-5s, and improvements allowing greater rough-field capability.
C-22B/C
* B-727 derived transport.
* Four C-27B are operated by the Air National Guard as personnel transports.
* A single C-27C is operated by the USAF.
C-23A/B/B+ Sherpa
* C-23A/B based on Short 330 transport.
* C-23A operated by USFE in the European Distribution System Aircraft (EDSA) role until 2000 when it was replaced by the C-27J.
* C-23B operated by the U.S. Army National Guard Aviation and Repair Activity Depots.
* C-23B+ based on second-hand Short 360. Used as intra-theater needs of cargo and personnel transport.
VC-25
* B-747 based executive transport. The aircraft most commonly associated with Air Force One.
C-26A/B/D
* C-26A/B operated by USAF and US Army as liaison and personnel transport aircraft.
* C-27D operated by US Navy as liaison and range support aircraft in Europe and Hawaii.
* The Air National Guard operates the RC-25B for DoD reconnaissance missions in support of homeland security operations.
C-27A/J Spartan
* The C-27A briefly served with the USAF in Panama during the 1990s until the withdrawal of US forces from that country.
* The C-27J replaced the C-23A Sherpa in the European Distribution System Aircraft (EDSA) role from 2000. The aircraft will also replace numerous liaison and light cargo aircraft in US Army service.
C-32A
* B-757 based VIP transport.
C-40B/C/D Clipper
* C-40B is a VIP passenger aircraft, while the “C” is the USAF equivalent to the USN’s “A” model used for critical personnel transport.
* The “D” began to replace the C-9A in the aeromedical evacuation role from 2003.
C-130E/H/J Hercules
* Legendary tactical transport in USAF service. The “E” model remains in Reserve and Air National Guard service, while the “H” and “J” are in both serve in both active duty and reserve units.
* The “J” is the current production model.
C-135C
* Combined C2 test bed aircraft, which also serves as SECAF/CSAF support aircraft.
VC-137C
* Two customized B-707s which served in the role of Air Force One until replaced by the VC-25. Retired in 2001.
C-141B/C, MC-141B Starlifter
* The C-141 was the backbone of the MAC transport fleet until replaced by the C-17. The final C-141 was retired in 2004.
* The C-141C was an avionics upgrade carried out in the early 1990s on 63 C-141Bs as a stop-gap until sufficient C-17s could be produced.
* The MC-141B SOLL II aircraft had a number of enhancements to aid in their mission to support US special operations forces. Replaced by the MC-17B in 2002.
Special Mission and Support
AC-130H/U Spectre
* C-130 based gunship used by USAF Special Operations Command.
CSAR-X
* Program to replace the HH-60G in the CSAR role. Selection has been delayed by both budgetary issues and problems with the CVLSP award process, but is currently scheduled for 2006. Contenders are the CH-47, H-71, H-92 and CV-22.
CV-22B Osprey
* Currently in production as the replacement for the special-operations MH-53J/M Pave Low. Currently under consideration to replace the HH-60G in the CSAR-X role.
Common Vertical Lift Support Platform (CVLSP)
* Program to replace the aging UH-1N in the VIP and ICBM field support roles. The UH-71 won the competition in 2004, but the contract award is on hold pending the results of a GAO investigation into the protest filed by Sikorsky.
E-3B/C Sentry
* AWACS aircraft in service with TAC.
E-4B NEACP
* Based on the 747 airframe, the E-4B serves as the National Emergency Airborne Command Post.
E-8C JSTARS
* Battlefield surveillance aircraft operated by TAC.
E-10 MC2A (Multi-Sensor Command & Control Aircraft)
* Proposed replacement for the E-3 Sentry and E-8 JSTARS based on the KC-45 airframe. Currently under development, though technical issues may force separate replacements.
EC-130E ABCCC (Airborne Battlefield Command and Control Center)
* Provides tactical airborne command post capabilities to air commanders and ground commanders in low air threat environments. The mission equipment is carried in a removable 40ft (12.19m) capsule. Migrating the mission to the C-130J airframe has been requested, but not yet funded.
EC-130H/J Compass Call
* Psychological operations aircraft. Also conducts civil affairs broadcasts on civilian and military bands.
EC-130E/J Commando Solo II/III
* Communications jamming aircraft used to disrupt enemy command and control communications.
EC-135C/R/S
* EC-135R Looking Glass: SAC Airborne Command Post. Upgraded from “C” model airframes during the 1990s with new engines and cockpit enhancements from the KC-135 Pacer Crag update.
* EC-135S: Regional CINC airborne command post. Upgraded from “H/J/P/Y” airframes during the 1990s along the lines of “R” model.
EC-X
* Replacement for the EC-135 Airborne Command Post to enter service from 2009. Based on a derivative of the KC-45 airframe.
HC-130N/P Combat King
* Long-range CSAR aircraft.
HH-60G Pave Hawk
* Primary CSAR helicopter in USAR service.
KC-135E/R/RT/T Stratotanker
* KC-135Es still serve in a small number of ANG and AFRES units.
* The dominant model is the “R” model. The “R” fleet underwent the Pacer Crag avionics upgrade beginning in the mid 1990s and was also equipped with a wingtip pod multi-point refueling system to enable them to conduct probe-and-drogue refueling. A small number of aircraft are also equipped as receiver aircraft and are known as KC-135RT.
* The KC-135T is specially equipped to refuel the SR-71, formerly known as the “Q” model prior being brought up to the same standards as the “R”.
* NKC-135E Big Crow: Telemetry support and electronic warfare testing aircraft.
KC-10A Extender
* Tanker in service with SAC. Equipped for both boom and probe-and-drogue refueling.
KC-45A Pegasus
* The KC-45A is the replacement for the early model KC-135s. The first operational squadron finished equipping in October 2004, but is not yet fully certified for SIOP missions. A second squadron is transitioning from the KC-135R. All aircraft are equipped as receivers.
MC-130E/H Combat Talon
* Special operations transport. Certified for carriage of both the BLU-82 “Daisy Cutter” and the GBU-43 Massive Ordnance Air Blast.
MC-130P Combat Shadow
* MC-130P is a low-altitude tanker supporting special operations helicopters.
MH-53H/J/M Pave Low
* CSAR and Special operations support helicopters. In process of being replaced by CV-22B.
* MH-53H upgraded to MH-53J standard by 1990. A portion of the MH-53J fleet was upgraded to MH-53M standard from 1998.
RC-135S/U/V/W
* RC-135S Cobra Ball: Measurement and signal intelligence aircraft used to observe ballistic missile testing.
* RC-135U Combat Sent: Collects technical intelligence on foreign radar emitters.
* RC-135V/W Rivet Joint: Signals intelligence platform.
RC-X
* Proposed replacement for the various models of the RC-135. Based on a derivative of the KC-45 airframe. Not yet funded.
U-2R/S/ST Dragon Lady
* The U-2S is the latest version of the venerable U-2 high altitude reconnaissance aircraft in Strategic Air Command service. The “S” and “ST” aircraft were originally designated as the TR-1A/B when produced during the 1980s.
* The “ST” model is a two-seat conversion trainer.
SR-71A/B Blackbird
* The legendary Mach 3 reconnaissance aircraft was programmed to leave service in the late 1980s, until the events of the Winter of 1989-90 and dedicated funding from Congress saw the SR-71 returned to full service along with a number of classified upgrades during the 1990s.
* The sole surviving SR-71B serves as a conversion trainer.
UH-1N
* Provides VIP transport and ICBM field support. To be replaced under the CVLSP.
WC-130H/J Hercules
* Weather reconnaissance aircraft used in the hurricane-hunter role.
WC-135W Constant Phoenix
* Weather reconnaissance and atmospheric testing aircraft.
YAL-1A Airborne Laser
* Test bed aircraft mounting a megawatt-class COIL. In flight-testing as of 2005. Airborne firing of the laser is not expected until 2007.
Training Aircraft
T-1A Jayhawk
* Advance pilot trainer in USAF service for pilots who will fly transport and tanker aircraft.
T-6A Texan II
* Winner of the 1995 Joint Primary Aircraft Training System competition. Replacing the T-37 in USAF service as basic flight training aircraft.
T-37B Tweet
* Primary basic pilot training aircraft in USAF service since the 1950s. Being replaced by the T-6A.
T-38A/C Talon
* Supersonic advanced jet trainer in USAF service. Utilized primarily by the Air Education and Training Command, but also used by the Strategic Air Command as a proficiency aircraft for bomber, tanker, and reconnaissance pilots. The T-38C is an upgrade of existing T-38As under the Pacer Classic program.
T-43A
* B-737-200 based trainer used by Air Education and Training Command to train navigators.
T-X
* Notional program to replace the T-38 in USAF service. The requirements for this aircraft are still being defined, though the USAF hopes to hold a competition in 2010.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
RQ-1B Predator
Originally acquired by the CIA in the mid 1990s, the RQ-1 was later acquired by the USAF to supplement the RF-16C in the active duty force. AFSCOM operates one squadron that is armed with PGMs, but little is known about its roles or utilization.
RQ-3A Dark Star
Stealthy UAV acquired from the late 1990s to supplement the RF-16C in the active duty force.
RQ-4A Global Hawk
High-altitude, long-endurance UAV acquired from the late 1990s to supplement the U-2 in the active duty force.
MQ-9A Reaper
Evolved and enlarged version of the RQ-1 designed from the outset for the attack mission. Currently in testing and scheduled to entered limited service in 2006.
Tactical Aircraft
A-7D/F/K, OA-7K Corsair II
* The last A-7D left ANG service as a tactical fighter in 2003. However, the two Tactical Air Support Squadrons flying the OA-7K both operate several A-7Ds used for pilot proficiency to keep the hours down on the OA-7K fleet.
* The OA-7K is a rebuild of the surviving A-7Ks carried out during the 1990s to serve as an interim Forward Air Control aircraft pending the development and deployment of the OF-16D (q.v.) Serves in the Forward Air Controller role with two Air National Guard squadrons.
* The A-7F was a proposed rebuild of several hundred “D/K” models into a Close Air Support/Battlefield Air Interdictor aircraft. The program was canceled in early 1993 following the UMAR.
A-10A/C* Thunderbolt II
* Prior to Operation Desert Storm, TAC had planned on replacing the A-10 fleet with a dedicated attack version of the F-16C that would have become the A-16. Trials with surrogate F/A-16s utilizing a gun pod during that conflict were not encouraging. As a result of problems with the proposed A-16 and the stunning combat performance of the A-10, Congress directed that the USAF retain the A-10 fleet and plan for a life extension and modernization program. The resulting A-10C features digital avionics and PGM capability. The first squadrons received their A-10Cs in 2003. A proposal to re-engine the A-10 as part of the “C” upgrade was not proceeded with for budgetary reasons.
* The A-10B was a two-seat Night-Adverse Weather variant proposed in the early 1980s that was not procured.
F-4C/D/E/G Phantom II
* The last F-4C left ANG service in 1989 with the F-4D and F-4E following by 1998.
* The F-4G began to leave service in 1996 when the first F-15Fs became operational. All F-4Gs were out of service by 2000. The F-4Gs are the only model of the F-4 held in Type 1000 storage at AMARC.
RF-4C Phantom II
* The RF-4C began to leave active duty USAF service in 1993 when the first RF-16D entered service, with the transition completed by 1997. The last RF-4C left AFRES and ANG service in 2002.
F-5E/F Tiger II
* Flown by USAF Aggressor Squadrons until replaced by F-16s in 1988-89.
F-15A/B/C/D Eagle
* The F-15A/B model is still in service with a number of Air National Guard fighter squadrons.
* The F-15C/D is in service with both active duty and Air National Guard fighter squadrons. Beginning in 1997, all F-15Cs were upgraded with the APG-63(V)1 radar. Three squadrons of F-15Cs serving with 1st Air Force are equipped for anti-satellite missions with the ASM-135B. This capability was fielded from 1992 when the new Soviet government openly deployed its own ASAT systems.
F-15E Strike Eagle
* TAC had once planned to replace the entire F-111 force with F-15Es, but this was not to be. Acquisition of the F-15E continues at a low rate, though the production line is sustained by orders from South Korea (F-15K) and Singapore (F-15SG).
F-15F Weasel Eagle
* The winner of the competition to replace the F-4G in USAF service. This modified F-15E beat out the Tornado ECR and a modified F-16D. At the direction of Congress, the USAF explored converting existing F-15B/Ds to fulfill the Wild Weasel requirement, but in the end the desire to extend production of the F-15 won the day. The F-15F began to replace the F-4G in 1996.
F-16ADF Fighting Falcon
* A modified version of the F-16A procured during the late 1980s to equip a number of Air National Guard units that are dedicated to NORAD continental air defense mission.
F-16A/B/C/D, OF-16D Fighting Falcon
* In 1995, the USAF decided to standardize the F-16 force on the F-16C/D model. This was accomplished via a combination of new-build F-16C and applying the MLU upgrade to many earlier F-16A/B. The last un-modernized F-16A/B left USAF service in 2003. Production of the F-16C/D continues for both the USAF and export customers.
* The OF-16D is scheduled to replace the OA-7K in Air National Guard Tactical Air Support Squadrons as well as be assigned to a number of active duty F-16C squadrons. Development was largely completed by 2000, but production has been repeatedly pushed back in lieu of higher priorities. Currently programmed to enter service in 2006.
RF-16D Falcon Eye
* Replaced the RF-4C in active duty and Air National Guard reconnaissance squadrons from 1993. The RF-16Ds are the only F-16s in US service that regularly carry conformal fuel tanks.
F-16E/F Fighting Falcon
* The Block 60 F-16E/F is in production for the United Arab Emirates. No USAF acquisition is planned, but DOD officials do keep tabs on the program in the event that a major problem were to arise with the F-24A Mustang II. Production ongoing.
F-111A/D Aardvark
* The last F-111A was withdrawn from service in 1995.
* The last F-111D was withdrawn from service in 1998. A number of ‘D’ model airframes that were in the best condition were set aside for conversion to EF-111Bs. The RAAF also purchased a number of ‘D’ models as part of their force structure increase that began in the late 1990s.
F-111E/F/G Aardvark+
* Once the plan for replacing the entire F-111 fleet with F-15Es fell through after the UMAR, TAC embarked on a program to bring the remaining three models up to a common systems standard. The RAAF was considering an upgrade to its F-111C force around the same time and a joint program was agreed upon. The upgraded aircraft came out with a new digital avionics suite and greatly expanded PGM capability. The ‘G’ serves in two Air National Guard squadrons, with additional aircraft held in Type 1000 storage at AMARC in war reserve.
EF-111A/B Raven
* The EF-111A force went through an upgrade at the same time as the F-111 force. The EF-111B upgrade added to the early 1990s avionics modernization and included portions of the digital avionics upgrade applied to the F-111 fleet, new ECM equipment, and the ability to carry the AGM-88 HARM. A number of recently retired ‘A’ models were rebuilt into EF-111Bs to replace attrition and expand the fleet.
F-117A Nighthawk
* The F-117 force went though an upgrade in the late 1990s. The precise details are classified, but are rumored to have replaced the RAM coating with a more durable one used on the F-22. The F-117 fleet is scheduled to be withdrawn from service by early 2007 when they are replaced by F-24As.
F-22A/B/C/EX Raptor
* The premier program of TAC during the 1990s finally entered squadron service in 1998.
* The two-seat F-22B was deleted early in the program as a cost savings measure as it was realized just how successful the A-10 and F-117 communities had been without the benefit of any two-seat trainers and looking at how capable the latest generation of simulators had become.
* An evolved F-22C is currently in testing. The ‘C’ model will include features deleted from the ‘A’ early in the program as cost savings, including the IRST and side lobe radar. This upgrade will incorporate additional air-to-ground capabilities as well as the ability to use the AIM-152 Advanced Air to Air Missile being developed by the Navy.
* The F-22EX is a slightly downgraded F-22A intended for export to select US allies. The IRST and side lobe radar from the F-22C are optional add-ons.
F-24A Mustang II
* The F-24A currently equips two training squadron and one fighter squadron, with a second squadron transitioning. The active squadron had just reached IOC in January 2005.
F-25A Marauder II
* The first F-25As are undergoing flight-testing at Edwards AFB. The first training squadron at Luke AFB is scheduled to receive its first F-25As in May 2005, while the 366th TFW will be the first combat unit equipped with the F-25A when it receives its first aircraft in FY-07 to begin replacing its F-111Es. Early Blocks will be optimized primarily for air-to-ground missions, with later Blocks adding full air-to-air capability. An EF-25 is under consideration as a joint replacement for the USAF’s EF-111B and F-15F as well as the USN & USMC’s EA-6B/C.
Strategic Bombers
B-52G/H/J Stratofortress
* In 1993, the USAF embarked on a program to upgrade the surviving B-52G/H force to a common standard. The most noticeable change was the replacement of the eight J57 or TF-33 engines with eight Rolls-Royce BR700 (F130) turbofans. Additionally, the ‘J’ upgrade included a new synthetic aperture radar, new FLIR sensors, an onboard laser designator, and new ECM systems. A small number of upgraded aircraft as held in Type 1000 storage as war reserves. The last “G” model left service in 1999, with the last “H” model leaving service in 2003. A lone B-52G is in NASA service, replacing their B-52B in 2000.
B-1B Lancer
* The 1990s saw a major effort to improve the reliability of the B-1B that seems to be paying dividends. Under the START II/III treaties, the B-1B was removed from the nuclear role and was reassigned to a strictly conventional role. As part of the conventional upgrade following START II/III, the B-1B was given an onboard laser-designator, a FLIR system, and PGM capability.
B-2A Spirit
* The B-2A currently equips one training squadron and five bomb squadrons, with a sixth transitioning from the B-52J. Production continues at a low rate and SAC hopes to equip at least two additional squadrons.
B-3 Bomber21
* Rumors persist that an advanced hypersonic bomber is under development and many believe that such a program could explain the slow production rate of the B-2A. Given that the B-1A was cancelled by the Carter administration based on what became the B-2 being in development, it’s not to difficult to believe.
FB-111A
* Converted to F-111G beginning in 1989 and transferred to TAC beginning in mid 1990.
Transport Aircraft
C-5A/B/C/D/E/M Galaxy
* All C-5A and C-5B aircraft were brought up to “D” standard by 2002.
* Two C-5C Space Container Mods were converted from “A” models. The “C” was modified to transport outsize cargo and primarily supports the US space program. Re-designated as C-5E after receiving C-5D modifications.
* The C-5D was an engine and cockpit upgrade carried out during the 1990s.
* The C-5M is a proposed life-extension program for the C-5.
C-9A Nightingale
* Aeromedical evacuation aircraft. In process of being replaced by the C-40D from 2003.
C-17A, MC-17B Globemaster III
* Replaced all C-141s in both active-duty and reserve component units by 2004. Still in low-rate production for USAF and export customers. A commercial MD-17 variant is in use by a number of cargo carriers for the transport of outsized cargo. The purchases by some US air cargo companies were subsidized by the DOD on the condition that they be available as part of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet.
* A special-operations MC-17B entered service in 2002 to replace the C-141B SOLL II.
* Proposed developments include a variant with a fuselage plug that could replace some early-model C-5s, and improvements allowing greater rough-field capability.
C-22B/C
* B-727 derived transport.
* Four C-27B are operated by the Air National Guard as personnel transports.
* A single C-27C is operated by the USAF.
C-23A/B/B+ Sherpa
* C-23A/B based on Short 330 transport.
* C-23A operated by USFE in the European Distribution System Aircraft (EDSA) role until 2000 when it was replaced by the C-27J.
* C-23B operated by the U.S. Army National Guard Aviation and Repair Activity Depots.
* C-23B+ based on second-hand Short 360. Used as intra-theater needs of cargo and personnel transport.
VC-25
* B-747 based executive transport. The aircraft most commonly associated with Air Force One.
C-26A/B/D
* C-26A/B operated by USAF and US Army as liaison and personnel transport aircraft.
* C-27D operated by US Navy as liaison and range support aircraft in Europe and Hawaii.
* The Air National Guard operates the RC-25B for DoD reconnaissance missions in support of homeland security operations.
C-27A/J Spartan
* The C-27A briefly served with the USAF in Panama during the 1990s until the withdrawal of US forces from that country.
* The C-27J replaced the C-23A Sherpa in the European Distribution System Aircraft (EDSA) role from 2000. The aircraft will also replace numerous liaison and light cargo aircraft in US Army service.
C-32A
* B-757 based VIP transport.
C-40B/C/D Clipper
* C-40B is a VIP passenger aircraft, while the “C” is the USAF equivalent to the USN’s “A” model used for critical personnel transport.
* The “D” began to replace the C-9A in the aeromedical evacuation role from 2003.
C-130E/H/J Hercules
* Legendary tactical transport in USAF service. The “E” model remains in Reserve and Air National Guard service, while the “H” and “J” are in both serve in both active duty and reserve units.
* The “J” is the current production model.
C-135C
* Combined C2 test bed aircraft, which also serves as SECAF/CSAF support aircraft.
VC-137C
* Two customized B-707s which served in the role of Air Force One until replaced by the VC-25. Retired in 2001.
C-141B/C, MC-141B Starlifter
* The C-141 was the backbone of the MAC transport fleet until replaced by the C-17. The final C-141 was retired in 2004.
* The C-141C was an avionics upgrade carried out in the early 1990s on 63 C-141Bs as a stop-gap until sufficient C-17s could be produced.
* The MC-141B SOLL II aircraft had a number of enhancements to aid in their mission to support US special operations forces. Replaced by the MC-17B in 2002.
Special Mission and Support
AC-130H/U Spectre
* C-130 based gunship used by USAF Special Operations Command.
CSAR-X
* Program to replace the HH-60G in the CSAR role. Selection has been delayed by both budgetary issues and problems with the CVLSP award process, but is currently scheduled for 2006. Contenders are the CH-47, H-71, H-92 and CV-22.
CV-22B Osprey
* Currently in production as the replacement for the special-operations MH-53J/M Pave Low. Currently under consideration to replace the HH-60G in the CSAR-X role.
Common Vertical Lift Support Platform (CVLSP)
* Program to replace the aging UH-1N in the VIP and ICBM field support roles. The UH-71 won the competition in 2004, but the contract award is on hold pending the results of a GAO investigation into the protest filed by Sikorsky.
E-3B/C Sentry
* AWACS aircraft in service with TAC.
E-4B NEACP
* Based on the 747 airframe, the E-4B serves as the National Emergency Airborne Command Post.
E-8C JSTARS
* Battlefield surveillance aircraft operated by TAC.
E-10 MC2A (Multi-Sensor Command & Control Aircraft)
* Proposed replacement for the E-3 Sentry and E-8 JSTARS based on the KC-45 airframe. Currently under development, though technical issues may force separate replacements.
EC-130E ABCCC (Airborne Battlefield Command and Control Center)
* Provides tactical airborne command post capabilities to air commanders and ground commanders in low air threat environments. The mission equipment is carried in a removable 40ft (12.19m) capsule. Migrating the mission to the C-130J airframe has been requested, but not yet funded.
EC-130H/J Compass Call
* Psychological operations aircraft. Also conducts civil affairs broadcasts on civilian and military bands.
EC-130E/J Commando Solo II/III
* Communications jamming aircraft used to disrupt enemy command and control communications.
EC-135C/R/S
* EC-135R Looking Glass: SAC Airborne Command Post. Upgraded from “C” model airframes during the 1990s with new engines and cockpit enhancements from the KC-135 Pacer Crag update.
* EC-135S: Regional CINC airborne command post. Upgraded from “H/J/P/Y” airframes during the 1990s along the lines of “R” model.
EC-X
* Replacement for the EC-135 Airborne Command Post to enter service from 2009. Based on a derivative of the KC-45 airframe.
HC-130N/P Combat King
* Long-range CSAR aircraft.
HH-60G Pave Hawk
* Primary CSAR helicopter in USAR service.
KC-135E/R/RT/T Stratotanker
* KC-135Es still serve in a small number of ANG and AFRES units.
* The dominant model is the “R” model. The “R” fleet underwent the Pacer Crag avionics upgrade beginning in the mid 1990s and was also equipped with a wingtip pod multi-point refueling system to enable them to conduct probe-and-drogue refueling. A small number of aircraft are also equipped as receiver aircraft and are known as KC-135RT.
* The KC-135T is specially equipped to refuel the SR-71, formerly known as the “Q” model prior being brought up to the same standards as the “R”.
* NKC-135E Big Crow: Telemetry support and electronic warfare testing aircraft.
KC-10A Extender
* Tanker in service with SAC. Equipped for both boom and probe-and-drogue refueling.
KC-45A Pegasus
* The KC-45A is the replacement for the early model KC-135s. The first operational squadron finished equipping in October 2004, but is not yet fully certified for SIOP missions. A second squadron is transitioning from the KC-135R. All aircraft are equipped as receivers.
MC-130E/H Combat Talon
* Special operations transport. Certified for carriage of both the BLU-82 “Daisy Cutter” and the GBU-43 Massive Ordnance Air Blast.
MC-130P Combat Shadow
* MC-130P is a low-altitude tanker supporting special operations helicopters.
MH-53H/J/M Pave Low
* CSAR and Special operations support helicopters. In process of being replaced by CV-22B.
* MH-53H upgraded to MH-53J standard by 1990. A portion of the MH-53J fleet was upgraded to MH-53M standard from 1998.
RC-135S/U/V/W
* RC-135S Cobra Ball: Measurement and signal intelligence aircraft used to observe ballistic missile testing.
* RC-135U Combat Sent: Collects technical intelligence on foreign radar emitters.
* RC-135V/W Rivet Joint: Signals intelligence platform.
RC-X
* Proposed replacement for the various models of the RC-135. Based on a derivative of the KC-45 airframe. Not yet funded.
U-2R/S/ST Dragon Lady
* The U-2S is the latest version of the venerable U-2 high altitude reconnaissance aircraft in Strategic Air Command service. The “S” and “ST” aircraft were originally designated as the TR-1A/B when produced during the 1980s.
* The “ST” model is a two-seat conversion trainer.
SR-71A/B Blackbird
* The legendary Mach 3 reconnaissance aircraft was programmed to leave service in the late 1980s, until the events of the Winter of 1989-90 and dedicated funding from Congress saw the SR-71 returned to full service along with a number of classified upgrades during the 1990s.
* The sole surviving SR-71B serves as a conversion trainer.
UH-1N
* Provides VIP transport and ICBM field support. To be replaced under the CVLSP.
WC-130H/J Hercules
* Weather reconnaissance aircraft used in the hurricane-hunter role.
WC-135W Constant Phoenix
* Weather reconnaissance and atmospheric testing aircraft.
YAL-1A Airborne Laser
* Test bed aircraft mounting a megawatt-class COIL. In flight-testing as of 2005. Airborne firing of the laser is not expected until 2007.
Training Aircraft
T-1A Jayhawk
* Advance pilot trainer in USAF service for pilots who will fly transport and tanker aircraft.
T-6A Texan II
* Winner of the 1995 Joint Primary Aircraft Training System competition. Replacing the T-37 in USAF service as basic flight training aircraft.
T-37B Tweet
* Primary basic pilot training aircraft in USAF service since the 1950s. Being replaced by the T-6A.
T-38A/C Talon
* Supersonic advanced jet trainer in USAF service. Utilized primarily by the Air Education and Training Command, but also used by the Strategic Air Command as a proficiency aircraft for bomber, tanker, and reconnaissance pilots. The T-38C is an upgrade of existing T-38As under the Pacer Classic program.
T-43A
* B-737-200 based trainer used by Air Education and Training Command to train navigators.
T-X
* Notional program to replace the T-38 in USAF service. The requirements for this aircraft are still being defined, though the USAF hopes to hold a competition in 2010.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
RQ-1B Predator
Originally acquired by the CIA in the mid 1990s, the RQ-1 was later acquired by the USAF to supplement the RF-16C in the active duty force. AFSCOM operates one squadron that is armed with PGMs, but little is known about its roles or utilization.
RQ-3A Dark Star
Stealthy UAV acquired from the late 1990s to supplement the RF-16C in the active duty force.
RQ-4A Global Hawk
High-altitude, long-endurance UAV acquired from the late 1990s to supplement the U-2 in the active duty force.
MQ-9A Reaper
Evolved and enlarged version of the RQ-1 designed from the outset for the attack mission. Currently in testing and scheduled to entered limited service in 2006.
Last edited by James1978 on Mon Jun 05, 2023 3:37 am, edited 2 times in total.
United States Military Aircraft - USN & USMC
United States Navy & United States Marine Corps
Tactical Aircraft
A-6E/F/G, KA-6D Intruder
* The A-6E continues to serve in USNR VA squadrons.
* Though cancelled in the late 1980s to pay for the A-12 program, Grumman continued work in-house on a more austere upgrade known as A-6G. As the A-12 disaster continued to magnify in scope once the aircraft reached flight-testing, that program came under increasing Congressional and media scrutiny. The UMAR took a close look at the work Grumman was doing and recommended reviving the A-6F. Despite a few issues with restarting the program, A-6F first joined carrier air wings in 1995. Though the USMC had initially planned to replace all of its A-6Es with F/A-18Ds, they did procure a few squadrons of A-6Fs at the direction of the Secretary of Defense. The A-6F equips all active duty VA squadrons.
* The KA-6D is a tanker variant. Several were once assigned to every A-6E-equipped VA squadron. With the arrival of the A-6F and F/A-18E into service, the KA-6D was withdrawn from frontline service, though it continues to serve with USNR A-6E squadrons.
A-7E, EA-7L, TA-7C Corsair II
* The A-7E and TA-7C left USN service in 1992.
* The EA-7L was an electronic aggressor variant of the TA-7C. Withdrawn from service and replaced by EA-18B from 1997.
A-12A Avenger II
* The events of late 1989 bought the A-12 program breathing room it may not otherwise have had. Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney came very close to canceling the program in January 1991 but instead placed the program under the direct supervision of his office. By what can only be described as a miracle, McDonnell Douglas and General Dynamics managed to get the first A-12 into the air in August of 1992. That’s when the real trouble started. The aircraft displayed terrible handling characteristics and was hated by the test pilots. Simulated carrier landings at a land facility revealed that the airframe was not holding up well at all to the stresses involved in landing on an aircraft carrier. The final nail in the coffin was when the test and evaluation team at NAS Patuxent River discovered that the RAM surfaces were falling well short of expectations and were making the durability of the early generation RAM on the Air Force’s F-117 look good. A non-flying test airframe coated with the RAM had gone to sea for secret tests earlier that summer and showed that the salt air made maintaining the RAM next to impossible. Secretary Cheney terminated the A-12 program as part of the UMAR and asked Congress to divert all funds to restating the A-6F program. The A-12 prototypes are currently in classified storage. This has led to Internet rumors that the problems were overstated and that the program went into the ‘Black World’ and that a silver bullet force of A-12s are deployed on an as needed basis for special missions. There is no basis to these rumors. The truth is that the Navy would like to just forget about that particular chapter in its history and doesn’t want any public reminders of it.
EA-6B/C Prowler
* Throughout the 1990s the Prowler received a number of incremental upgrades, known as the ICAP programme (each stage was known by a different number i.e. ICAP III). From 1996 onwards the USN decided to combine the planned ADCAP (Advanced Capability) programme with a major upgrade of the Prowler. The navy had decided that it made little sense for the EA-6B to retain the same engines as the old A-6E, which would mean that it would have to have its own support network. It made much more sense for the Prowler to be upgraded with the same engine as the A-6F. As the Prowlers came in for upgrade to ADCAP standard, Grumman also took the opportunity to re-engine them and zero time the airframes. The result was designated the EA-6C.
F-4S Phantom II
* The last F-4S left USMCR service in 1992.
F-14A/B/D Tomcat
* The ‘D’ replaced all earlier models of the F-14 in active duty service while the older ‘B’ continues to serve in several reserve fighter squadrons.
F/A-18A+/B/C/D, EA-18B Hornet
* Many older ‘A’ models were upgraded to the ‘A+’ standard which made them nearly equivalent to the ‘C’ model. The ‘A+/B’ continues to serve in numerous USMCR and USNR squadrons.
* The ‘C’ model equips many active duty USMC and USN squadrons,
* The ‘D’ is used in the Night/Adverse Weather attack and FAC role by a number of USMC squadrons.
* A small number of “B” models were converted to EA-18B configuration to replace the EA-7L in the electronic aggressor role.
F/A-18E/F Super Hornet
* Began as a company funded evolution of the F/A-18, the ‘E/F’ became an official program following the UMAR. The USN procured the Super Hornet to replace early model F/A-18s and as a hedge should the JTAT program run into trouble. Not adopted by the USMC who have chosen to wait for the F-24B. The ‘E’ is the primary production model in USN use, with the ‘F’ serving only in small numbers.
F-24B Dauntless II
* The STOVL version of the F-24, which will replace the numerous models of the Harrier. Currently undergoing testing by a joint USMC/RN/RAF evaluation unit. A joint training unit is also in the process of forming and will stand up in FY-06. The USAF is considering procuring the F-24B as a replacement for a portion of the A-10 fleet.
F-24C Crusader II
* Carrier-capable version currently in early flight-testing. Not scheduled to enter service until FY-10. There is talk in Congress of delaying its entry into service to relieve budgetary pressures.
F-25B Hellcat II
* In advanced testing at NAS Patuxent River. The Atlantic Fleet Readiness Squadron is training the initial combat squadron that will equip in FY-06. The F-25B will initially replace the A-6F and later the F-14D. Early Blocks will be optimized primarily for the air-to-ground missions with limited self-defense capability, with later Blocks adding full air-to-air capability. An EF-25 is under consideration as a joint replacement for the USAF’s EF-111B and F-15F as well as the USN & USMC’s EA-6B.
RF-4B Phantom II
* The RF-4B left USMC service in 1991 when it was replaced by reconnaissance-capable F/A-18Ds.
Helicopters/Rotorcraft
AH-1W SuperCobra
* The AH-1W equips most USMC attack helicopter squadrons and all USMCR attack helicopter squadrons. Gradually being returned to the factory for remanufacture into ‘Z’ models.
AH-1Z Viper
* Upgrade of the USMC’s AH-1Ws that first joined Marine squadrons in 2003. Production is a combination of new airframes and rebuilt ‘W’ models.
CH-46F/UH-46D Sea Knight
* CH-46F is a medium transport helicopter still in limited service with USMCR. Replaced by MV-22 in active duty force by 2004.
* UH-46D served in USN vertical replenishment squadrons until replace by the MH-60S
CH-53D Sea Stallion
* Twin-engine heavy lift helicopter in USMC service. Production ended 1972.
CH-53E Super Stallion
* Three-engine heavy lift helicopter in USMC service. Also in USN service in the vertical replenishment role.
CH-53X
* Proposed evolution of the CH-53 family. Not yet funded.
HH-60H Sea Hawk
* CSAR, Naval Special Warfare and anti-surface warfare helicopter.
HV-22B Osprey
* Naval variant of the V-22 Osprey scheduled to enter service in the SAR and logistics support role in 2007.
MH-53E Sea Dragon
* Airborne mine countermeasure helicopter used by USN.
SH-2G Seasprite
* Ship-borne light ASW helicopter largely replaced by the SH-60. Still in service to operate from Knox and O.H. Perry class frigates.
SH-3G/H Sea King
* The SH-3 served for years as the USN’s primary carrier-based ASW and utility helicopter. Still in service in USNR squadrons.
SH-60B/F Seahawk
* SH-60Bs serve in shipboard ASW squadrons, while SH-60Fs served in the carrier battle group ASW role. Being replaced by MH-60R.
SV-22C
* The ASW variant of the V-22 Osprey that is proposed to replace the S-3 Viking in carrier air wings. Congress funded four test & evaluation aircraft that are representative of production models, but has not authorized procurement over concerns that Naval Aviation spending is headed for a train wreck with the CSA, P-8, F-25B, and F-24C all in production simultaneously by FY-09. The demonstrators are currently in testing at NAS Patuxent River.
MH-60R/S Seahawk
* MH-60R combines features of both the SH-60B and SH-60F into one shipboard ASW aircraft. Entered service from 2000.
* MH-60S multi-role helicopter to operate in vertical replenishment, CSAR, anti-surface warfare, Naval Special Warfare and numerous other support roles
MV-22B Osprey
* This version of the V-22 is used by the USMC as the replacement for the ancient CH-46. Marine squadrons began to reequip with the MV-22B in 1998 with production occurring at an accelerated rate.
Future Expeditionary Combat Rotorcraft
* USMC program to develop an escort for the MV-22 and eventual AH-1 replacement. Though some exotic concepts were initially explored, a 2004 down select narrowed the choices to a marinized version of the Army’s RAH-66 Comanche and a heavily modified variant of the BA-609 tilt-rotor. A competitive fly-off is scheduled for 2008.
UH-1N Twin Huey
* Light utility helicopter in USMC service. Gradually being replaced by new-build UH-1Ys. A number of aircraft have been passed on to the USAF.
UH-1Y Venom
* The latest model of the venerable “Huey” is currently in production for the USMC.
VH-3A/D
* The VH-3D is helicopter formerly used as Marine One until replaced by the VH-71. The last VH-3D left service in November 2004.
* The VH-3A is in limited service with the USN as a VIP helicopter.
VH-46F
* CH-46F used by USMC in Presidential support role to transport staff and media.
VH-53D
* CH-53D used by USMC in Presidential support role.
VH-60N White Hawk
* VIP transport in USMC service. Used as Marine One when the President travels overseas or to places where the size of the VH-3 or VH-71 would make their use impractical.
VH-71A Kestrel
* Licensed version of the Augusta-Westland EH-101 procured by the USMC to replace the VH-3 in the Presidential transport role, better known as Marine One. The US-101 won a 1998 competition to replace the elderly VH-3 and the first aircraft entered service in 2003 as the VH-71A.
Support & Special Mission Aircraft
C-2A Greyhound
* Small cargo plane serving in the COD role aboard US aircraft carriers.
C-9B Skytrain II
* Logistics support and personnel transport for the USN and USMC.
C-40A Clipper
* B-737 variant provides logistics support to the USN. Gradually replacing the C-9B.
C-130T Hercules
* Logistics support aircraft utilized by the USN.
E-2C Hawkeye
* Carrier-based AWACs in use by the USN.
E-6B Mercury
* USN communications relay aircraft to support the SSBN force in the TACAMO mission. Entered service from 1989.
EC-130Q Hercules
* Predecessor to the E-6. Retired in 1993.
EP-3E Aries
* P-3 derived ELINT aircraft.
ES-3A Shadow
* Carrier-based ELINT aircraft based on the S-3B.
F-5E/F/N
* Serves with USN and USMC aggressor squadrons.
F-16N
* Modified F-16C in use by USN aggressor squadrons.
KC-130F/R/T/J
* C-130-based tanker in use by the USMC.
P-3C Orion
* The standard USN anti-submarine aircraft. Gradually being replaced by the P-8.
P-7 LRAACA
* Conceived as the replacement for the P-3. Following the events of late 1989, the P-7 program sputtered on until it was cancelled as part of the UMAR. In its place the USN procured a small number of new-build P-3Cs and upgraded the remainder of the fleet.
P-8A Poseidon
* The P-3 replacement. The P-8 is derived from the Boeing 737 airframe. Began flight-testing in 1998. Two squadrons in the Atlantic Fleet are currently equipped with the P-8A
S-3B/US-3B Viking
* S-3B is a carrier-based ASW aircraft.
* US-3B is a COD variant in limited service.
Common Support Aircraft
* Program for a common airframe to replace the E-2, C-2, and S-3. Two teams, Northrop-Grumman/Boeing and McDonnell-Douglas/Lockheed-Martin won a 2003 down select. A Competitive fly-off is planned to begin in late 2006 with the winner entering service from 2010 for the C-2 replacement and 2014 for the E-2 replacement. Development of an ASW variant will depend on how well testing of the SV-22B progresses.
EP-X
* Proposed replacement for the EP-3. Will likely be based on a derivative of the P-8 airframe. Not yet funded.
Training Aircraft
T-2C Buckeye
* Carrier capable intermediate training aircraft in USN service. In process of being replace by T-45.
T-6A Texan II
* Winner of the 1995 Joint Primary Aircraft Training System competition. Replacing the T-34C in USN service as basic flight training aircraft.
T-34C Mentor
* Basic flight training aircraft in USN service. Gradually being replaced by the T-6. A handful also serve in auxiliary roles.
T-39D/N/G Sabreliner
* Undergraduate flight trainer in USN service.
* T-39N is used for radar navigation and radar intercept officer training. Replaced the T-39D.
* T-39G used for non-radar training.
T-45A/C Goshawk
* Modified BAE Hawk trainer produced under license. Modified to be carrier capable.
* T-45A is the primary advanced jet trainer in USN service.
* The newer T-45C has a “glass cockpit” and is the current production standard, though older “A” models are being upgraded to “C” standard.
TH-57B/C
* Training helicopter in USN service.
Tactical Aircraft
A-6E/F/G, KA-6D Intruder
* The A-6E continues to serve in USNR VA squadrons.
* Though cancelled in the late 1980s to pay for the A-12 program, Grumman continued work in-house on a more austere upgrade known as A-6G. As the A-12 disaster continued to magnify in scope once the aircraft reached flight-testing, that program came under increasing Congressional and media scrutiny. The UMAR took a close look at the work Grumman was doing and recommended reviving the A-6F. Despite a few issues with restarting the program, A-6F first joined carrier air wings in 1995. Though the USMC had initially planned to replace all of its A-6Es with F/A-18Ds, they did procure a few squadrons of A-6Fs at the direction of the Secretary of Defense. The A-6F equips all active duty VA squadrons.
* The KA-6D is a tanker variant. Several were once assigned to every A-6E-equipped VA squadron. With the arrival of the A-6F and F/A-18E into service, the KA-6D was withdrawn from frontline service, though it continues to serve with USNR A-6E squadrons.
A-7E, EA-7L, TA-7C Corsair II
* The A-7E and TA-7C left USN service in 1992.
* The EA-7L was an electronic aggressor variant of the TA-7C. Withdrawn from service and replaced by EA-18B from 1997.
A-12A Avenger II
* The events of late 1989 bought the A-12 program breathing room it may not otherwise have had. Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney came very close to canceling the program in January 1991 but instead placed the program under the direct supervision of his office. By what can only be described as a miracle, McDonnell Douglas and General Dynamics managed to get the first A-12 into the air in August of 1992. That’s when the real trouble started. The aircraft displayed terrible handling characteristics and was hated by the test pilots. Simulated carrier landings at a land facility revealed that the airframe was not holding up well at all to the stresses involved in landing on an aircraft carrier. The final nail in the coffin was when the test and evaluation team at NAS Patuxent River discovered that the RAM surfaces were falling well short of expectations and were making the durability of the early generation RAM on the Air Force’s F-117 look good. A non-flying test airframe coated with the RAM had gone to sea for secret tests earlier that summer and showed that the salt air made maintaining the RAM next to impossible. Secretary Cheney terminated the A-12 program as part of the UMAR and asked Congress to divert all funds to restating the A-6F program. The A-12 prototypes are currently in classified storage. This has led to Internet rumors that the problems were overstated and that the program went into the ‘Black World’ and that a silver bullet force of A-12s are deployed on an as needed basis for special missions. There is no basis to these rumors. The truth is that the Navy would like to just forget about that particular chapter in its history and doesn’t want any public reminders of it.
EA-6B/C Prowler
* Throughout the 1990s the Prowler received a number of incremental upgrades, known as the ICAP programme (each stage was known by a different number i.e. ICAP III). From 1996 onwards the USN decided to combine the planned ADCAP (Advanced Capability) programme with a major upgrade of the Prowler. The navy had decided that it made little sense for the EA-6B to retain the same engines as the old A-6E, which would mean that it would have to have its own support network. It made much more sense for the Prowler to be upgraded with the same engine as the A-6F. As the Prowlers came in for upgrade to ADCAP standard, Grumman also took the opportunity to re-engine them and zero time the airframes. The result was designated the EA-6C.
F-4S Phantom II
* The last F-4S left USMCR service in 1992.
F-14A/B/D Tomcat
* The ‘D’ replaced all earlier models of the F-14 in active duty service while the older ‘B’ continues to serve in several reserve fighter squadrons.
F/A-18A+/B/C/D, EA-18B Hornet
* Many older ‘A’ models were upgraded to the ‘A+’ standard which made them nearly equivalent to the ‘C’ model. The ‘A+/B’ continues to serve in numerous USMCR and USNR squadrons.
* The ‘C’ model equips many active duty USMC and USN squadrons,
* The ‘D’ is used in the Night/Adverse Weather attack and FAC role by a number of USMC squadrons.
* A small number of “B” models were converted to EA-18B configuration to replace the EA-7L in the electronic aggressor role.
F/A-18E/F Super Hornet
* Began as a company funded evolution of the F/A-18, the ‘E/F’ became an official program following the UMAR. The USN procured the Super Hornet to replace early model F/A-18s and as a hedge should the JTAT program run into trouble. Not adopted by the USMC who have chosen to wait for the F-24B. The ‘E’ is the primary production model in USN use, with the ‘F’ serving only in small numbers.
F-24B Dauntless II
* The STOVL version of the F-24, which will replace the numerous models of the Harrier. Currently undergoing testing by a joint USMC/RN/RAF evaluation unit. A joint training unit is also in the process of forming and will stand up in FY-06. The USAF is considering procuring the F-24B as a replacement for a portion of the A-10 fleet.
F-24C Crusader II
* Carrier-capable version currently in early flight-testing. Not scheduled to enter service until FY-10. There is talk in Congress of delaying its entry into service to relieve budgetary pressures.
F-25B Hellcat II
* In advanced testing at NAS Patuxent River. The Atlantic Fleet Readiness Squadron is training the initial combat squadron that will equip in FY-06. The F-25B will initially replace the A-6F and later the F-14D. Early Blocks will be optimized primarily for the air-to-ground missions with limited self-defense capability, with later Blocks adding full air-to-air capability. An EF-25 is under consideration as a joint replacement for the USAF’s EF-111B and F-15F as well as the USN & USMC’s EA-6B.
RF-4B Phantom II
* The RF-4B left USMC service in 1991 when it was replaced by reconnaissance-capable F/A-18Ds.
Helicopters/Rotorcraft
AH-1W SuperCobra
* The AH-1W equips most USMC attack helicopter squadrons and all USMCR attack helicopter squadrons. Gradually being returned to the factory for remanufacture into ‘Z’ models.
AH-1Z Viper
* Upgrade of the USMC’s AH-1Ws that first joined Marine squadrons in 2003. Production is a combination of new airframes and rebuilt ‘W’ models.
CH-46F/UH-46D Sea Knight
* CH-46F is a medium transport helicopter still in limited service with USMCR. Replaced by MV-22 in active duty force by 2004.
* UH-46D served in USN vertical replenishment squadrons until replace by the MH-60S
CH-53D Sea Stallion
* Twin-engine heavy lift helicopter in USMC service. Production ended 1972.
CH-53E Super Stallion
* Three-engine heavy lift helicopter in USMC service. Also in USN service in the vertical replenishment role.
CH-53X
* Proposed evolution of the CH-53 family. Not yet funded.
HH-60H Sea Hawk
* CSAR, Naval Special Warfare and anti-surface warfare helicopter.
HV-22B Osprey
* Naval variant of the V-22 Osprey scheduled to enter service in the SAR and logistics support role in 2007.
MH-53E Sea Dragon
* Airborne mine countermeasure helicopter used by USN.
SH-2G Seasprite
* Ship-borne light ASW helicopter largely replaced by the SH-60. Still in service to operate from Knox and O.H. Perry class frigates.
SH-3G/H Sea King
* The SH-3 served for years as the USN’s primary carrier-based ASW and utility helicopter. Still in service in USNR squadrons.
SH-60B/F Seahawk
* SH-60Bs serve in shipboard ASW squadrons, while SH-60Fs served in the carrier battle group ASW role. Being replaced by MH-60R.
SV-22C
* The ASW variant of the V-22 Osprey that is proposed to replace the S-3 Viking in carrier air wings. Congress funded four test & evaluation aircraft that are representative of production models, but has not authorized procurement over concerns that Naval Aviation spending is headed for a train wreck with the CSA, P-8, F-25B, and F-24C all in production simultaneously by FY-09. The demonstrators are currently in testing at NAS Patuxent River.
MH-60R/S Seahawk
* MH-60R combines features of both the SH-60B and SH-60F into one shipboard ASW aircraft. Entered service from 2000.
* MH-60S multi-role helicopter to operate in vertical replenishment, CSAR, anti-surface warfare, Naval Special Warfare and numerous other support roles
MV-22B Osprey
* This version of the V-22 is used by the USMC as the replacement for the ancient CH-46. Marine squadrons began to reequip with the MV-22B in 1998 with production occurring at an accelerated rate.
Future Expeditionary Combat Rotorcraft
* USMC program to develop an escort for the MV-22 and eventual AH-1 replacement. Though some exotic concepts were initially explored, a 2004 down select narrowed the choices to a marinized version of the Army’s RAH-66 Comanche and a heavily modified variant of the BA-609 tilt-rotor. A competitive fly-off is scheduled for 2008.
UH-1N Twin Huey
* Light utility helicopter in USMC service. Gradually being replaced by new-build UH-1Ys. A number of aircraft have been passed on to the USAF.
UH-1Y Venom
* The latest model of the venerable “Huey” is currently in production for the USMC.
VH-3A/D
* The VH-3D is helicopter formerly used as Marine One until replaced by the VH-71. The last VH-3D left service in November 2004.
* The VH-3A is in limited service with the USN as a VIP helicopter.
VH-46F
* CH-46F used by USMC in Presidential support role to transport staff and media.
VH-53D
* CH-53D used by USMC in Presidential support role.
VH-60N White Hawk
* VIP transport in USMC service. Used as Marine One when the President travels overseas or to places where the size of the VH-3 or VH-71 would make their use impractical.
VH-71A Kestrel
* Licensed version of the Augusta-Westland EH-101 procured by the USMC to replace the VH-3 in the Presidential transport role, better known as Marine One. The US-101 won a 1998 competition to replace the elderly VH-3 and the first aircraft entered service in 2003 as the VH-71A.
Support & Special Mission Aircraft
C-2A Greyhound
* Small cargo plane serving in the COD role aboard US aircraft carriers.
C-9B Skytrain II
* Logistics support and personnel transport for the USN and USMC.
C-40A Clipper
* B-737 variant provides logistics support to the USN. Gradually replacing the C-9B.
C-130T Hercules
* Logistics support aircraft utilized by the USN.
E-2C Hawkeye
* Carrier-based AWACs in use by the USN.
E-6B Mercury
* USN communications relay aircraft to support the SSBN force in the TACAMO mission. Entered service from 1989.
EC-130Q Hercules
* Predecessor to the E-6. Retired in 1993.
EP-3E Aries
* P-3 derived ELINT aircraft.
ES-3A Shadow
* Carrier-based ELINT aircraft based on the S-3B.
F-5E/F/N
* Serves with USN and USMC aggressor squadrons.
F-16N
* Modified F-16C in use by USN aggressor squadrons.
KC-130F/R/T/J
* C-130-based tanker in use by the USMC.
P-3C Orion
* The standard USN anti-submarine aircraft. Gradually being replaced by the P-8.
P-7 LRAACA
* Conceived as the replacement for the P-3. Following the events of late 1989, the P-7 program sputtered on until it was cancelled as part of the UMAR. In its place the USN procured a small number of new-build P-3Cs and upgraded the remainder of the fleet.
P-8A Poseidon
* The P-3 replacement. The P-8 is derived from the Boeing 737 airframe. Began flight-testing in 1998. Two squadrons in the Atlantic Fleet are currently equipped with the P-8A
S-3B/US-3B Viking
* S-3B is a carrier-based ASW aircraft.
* US-3B is a COD variant in limited service.
Common Support Aircraft
* Program for a common airframe to replace the E-2, C-2, and S-3. Two teams, Northrop-Grumman/Boeing and McDonnell-Douglas/Lockheed-Martin won a 2003 down select. A Competitive fly-off is planned to begin in late 2006 with the winner entering service from 2010 for the C-2 replacement and 2014 for the E-2 replacement. Development of an ASW variant will depend on how well testing of the SV-22B progresses.
EP-X
* Proposed replacement for the EP-3. Will likely be based on a derivative of the P-8 airframe. Not yet funded.
Training Aircraft
T-2C Buckeye
* Carrier capable intermediate training aircraft in USN service. In process of being replace by T-45.
T-6A Texan II
* Winner of the 1995 Joint Primary Aircraft Training System competition. Replacing the T-34C in USN service as basic flight training aircraft.
T-34C Mentor
* Basic flight training aircraft in USN service. Gradually being replaced by the T-6. A handful also serve in auxiliary roles.
T-39D/N/G Sabreliner
* Undergraduate flight trainer in USN service.
* T-39N is used for radar navigation and radar intercept officer training. Replaced the T-39D.
* T-39G used for non-radar training.
T-45A/C Goshawk
* Modified BAE Hawk trainer produced under license. Modified to be carrier capable.
* T-45A is the primary advanced jet trainer in USN service.
* The newer T-45C has a “glass cockpit” and is the current production standard, though older “A” models are being upgraded to “C” standard.
TH-57B/C
* Training helicopter in USN service.
Last edited by James1978 on Sat Dec 03, 2022 12:33 am, edited 1 time in total.
United States Military Aircraft - US Army
United States Army
Attack & Scout Helicopters
AH-1H Cobra
* The AH-1H is an upgrade of several older models of the Cobra and includes a more powerful engine, four-bladed rotor, and Hellfire missile capability. Originally developed primarily for the export market, a number were procured at the direction of Congress to equip numerous lower readiness National Guard and Army Reserve attack helicopter battalions.
OH-58A/C Kiowa / D Kiowa Warrior
* The primary scout and light attack helicopter of the US Army. Began to be replaced by the RAH-66 in 2001. The older “A” lingers on as a light utility helicopters, while the “C” continues to serve as a scout in numerous reserve units.
* The OH-58D Kiowa Warrior turned this scout into a true light attack helicopter. Distinguished by large mast-mounted sight.
AH-64A Apache
* The AH-64A still equips many National Guard and Army Reserve attack helicopter squadrons.
AH-64D Apache Longbow
* Rebuild and upgrade of the AH-64A. As of 2003, all active duty units had equipped with the AH-64D. Production for National Guard and Reserve units is ongoing via new-build aircraft and upgrades of “A” models. Still being marketed for export.
RAH-66A Comanche
* The replacement for the Army’s various models of the AH-1 Cobra and the OH-58 Kiowa. The RAH-66 program benefited greatly from the testing environment of the 1990s. Began to equip air cavalry troops and the attack helicopter battalions in the light divisions in 1998. May replace some AH-6s with the 160th SOAR.
Special Mission Helicopters
AH-6C/F/G, MH-6E/H/J Little Bird
* Light attack and assault helicopter in use by the 160th SOAR.
CV-22B
* Under consideration to supplement the MH-47 in the 160th SOAR.
EH-60C/L Quick Fix
* Electronic warfare helicopter in US Army service.
MH-47D/E/G
* The MH-47 serves as the US Army’s primary special operations heavy lift helicopter. MH-47D/E are being rebuilt into “G” models in addition to new-build “Gs”
MH-60K/L/DAP
* The MH-60K/L serves as the US Army’s primary special operations medium transport helicopter.
* The MH-60L Direct Action Penetrator is a dedicated gunship with no transport capability.
Support & Transport Helicopters
CH-47D/F Chinook
* Primary heavy-lift cargo helicopter in US Army service.
UH-1H Iroquois
* The venerable “Huey” still serves in both active and reserve formations.
UH-60A/L/M/Q Black Hawk
* The UH-60A/L/M is the standard tactical helicopter in US Army service.
* The UH-60Q serves in the medical evacuation role.
RV-22D Ottawa
* Heavily modified UV-22 to replace the OV-1, RV-1, and RC-12 from 2010.
UV-22B Arapaho
* The designation of the MV-22B in US Army service. In limited service and utilized as a corps and theater level asset.
TH-67 Creek
* Training helicopter in US Army service.
Fixed Wing Aircraft
C-31A
* Operated by US Army Parachute Team as their jump aircraft.
OV-1C/E Mohawk
* Battlefield surveillance aircraft in US Army service. OV-Ds were rebuilt into OV-1Es during the 1990s. Equipped for photographic surveillance and can carry a detachable Side Looking Airborne Radar.
RV-1D/F Mohawk
* Battlefield ELINT aircraft in US Army service. RV-1Ds were rebuilt into RV-1Fs during the 1990s.
RC-7B Airborne Reconnaissance Low
* Imagery and communications intelligence aircraft in US Army service. Deployed primarily in the SOUTHCOM AOR to support counter-narcotics and counter-insurgency missions.
RC-12D/H/K/N/P/Q Guardrail
* Corps-level SIGINT, COMINT and ELINT aircraft in US Army service,
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
RQ-2 Pioneer
*
RQ-5 Hunter
*
RQ-6 Outrider
*
RQ-7 Shadow
*
MQ-8A/B Fire Scout
*
RQ-11 Raven
*
Attack & Scout Helicopters
AH-1H Cobra
* The AH-1H is an upgrade of several older models of the Cobra and includes a more powerful engine, four-bladed rotor, and Hellfire missile capability. Originally developed primarily for the export market, a number were procured at the direction of Congress to equip numerous lower readiness National Guard and Army Reserve attack helicopter battalions.
OH-58A/C Kiowa / D Kiowa Warrior
* The primary scout and light attack helicopter of the US Army. Began to be replaced by the RAH-66 in 2001. The older “A” lingers on as a light utility helicopters, while the “C” continues to serve as a scout in numerous reserve units.
* The OH-58D Kiowa Warrior turned this scout into a true light attack helicopter. Distinguished by large mast-mounted sight.
AH-64A Apache
* The AH-64A still equips many National Guard and Army Reserve attack helicopter squadrons.
AH-64D Apache Longbow
* Rebuild and upgrade of the AH-64A. As of 2003, all active duty units had equipped with the AH-64D. Production for National Guard and Reserve units is ongoing via new-build aircraft and upgrades of “A” models. Still being marketed for export.
RAH-66A Comanche
* The replacement for the Army’s various models of the AH-1 Cobra and the OH-58 Kiowa. The RAH-66 program benefited greatly from the testing environment of the 1990s. Began to equip air cavalry troops and the attack helicopter battalions in the light divisions in 1998. May replace some AH-6s with the 160th SOAR.
Special Mission Helicopters
AH-6C/F/G, MH-6E/H/J Little Bird
* Light attack and assault helicopter in use by the 160th SOAR.
CV-22B
* Under consideration to supplement the MH-47 in the 160th SOAR.
EH-60C/L Quick Fix
* Electronic warfare helicopter in US Army service.
MH-47D/E/G
* The MH-47 serves as the US Army’s primary special operations heavy lift helicopter. MH-47D/E are being rebuilt into “G” models in addition to new-build “Gs”
MH-60K/L/DAP
* The MH-60K/L serves as the US Army’s primary special operations medium transport helicopter.
* The MH-60L Direct Action Penetrator is a dedicated gunship with no transport capability.
Support & Transport Helicopters
CH-47D/F Chinook
* Primary heavy-lift cargo helicopter in US Army service.
UH-1H Iroquois
* The venerable “Huey” still serves in both active and reserve formations.
UH-60A/L/M/Q Black Hawk
* The UH-60A/L/M is the standard tactical helicopter in US Army service.
* The UH-60Q serves in the medical evacuation role.
RV-22D Ottawa
* Heavily modified UV-22 to replace the OV-1, RV-1, and RC-12 from 2010.
UV-22B Arapaho
* The designation of the MV-22B in US Army service. In limited service and utilized as a corps and theater level asset.
TH-67 Creek
* Training helicopter in US Army service.
Fixed Wing Aircraft
C-31A
* Operated by US Army Parachute Team as their jump aircraft.
OV-1C/E Mohawk
* Battlefield surveillance aircraft in US Army service. OV-Ds were rebuilt into OV-1Es during the 1990s. Equipped for photographic surveillance and can carry a detachable Side Looking Airborne Radar.
RV-1D/F Mohawk
* Battlefield ELINT aircraft in US Army service. RV-1Ds were rebuilt into RV-1Fs during the 1990s.
RC-7B Airborne Reconnaissance Low
* Imagery and communications intelligence aircraft in US Army service. Deployed primarily in the SOUTHCOM AOR to support counter-narcotics and counter-insurgency missions.
RC-12D/H/K/N/P/Q Guardrail
* Corps-level SIGINT, COMINT and ELINT aircraft in US Army service,
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
RQ-2 Pioneer
*
RQ-5 Hunter
*
RQ-6 Outrider
*
RQ-7 Shadow
*
MQ-8A/B Fire Scout
*
RQ-11 Raven
*
Last edited by James1978 on Sat Dec 03, 2022 12:11 am, edited 1 time in total.
United States Military Aircraft - NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
B-52G
* Single B-52G operated by NASA as a air-launch and test platform.
ER-2 (Earth Resources 2)
* Two modified U-2 operated by NASA.
P-3 Orion
* Modified P-3 Orion operated for the NASA Airborne Science Program.
Super Guppy
* Heavily modified C-97 used by NASA to transport oversized cargo.
Shuttle Carrier Aircraft
* Two heavily modified 747 freighters used to shuttle Space Shuttles between alternate landing sites and Kennedy Space Center.
Shuttle Training Aircraft
* Gulfstream II modified to replicate the Space Shuttle’s approach profile and handling qualities so shuttle pilots can simulate landings.
Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA)
* Joint NASA-German Aerospace Center to modify a 747SP to carry a 2.5m airborne telescope. The telescope was installed in August 2004, but the aircraft has yet to take flight.
T-38 Talon
* A small fleet of T-38s serve NASA primarily in pilot proficiency and training for astronauts.
WB-57F
* Two ex-USAF RB-57F operated in the scientific support role. The aircraft carry mission packages on behalf of various government agencies in a reconfigurable payload bay.
B-52G
* Single B-52G operated by NASA as a air-launch and test platform.
ER-2 (Earth Resources 2)
* Two modified U-2 operated by NASA.
P-3 Orion
* Modified P-3 Orion operated for the NASA Airborne Science Program.
Super Guppy
* Heavily modified C-97 used by NASA to transport oversized cargo.
Shuttle Carrier Aircraft
* Two heavily modified 747 freighters used to shuttle Space Shuttles between alternate landing sites and Kennedy Space Center.
Shuttle Training Aircraft
* Gulfstream II modified to replicate the Space Shuttle’s approach profile and handling qualities so shuttle pilots can simulate landings.
Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA)
* Joint NASA-German Aerospace Center to modify a 747SP to carry a 2.5m airborne telescope. The telescope was installed in August 2004, but the aircraft has yet to take flight.
T-38 Talon
* A small fleet of T-38s serve NASA primarily in pilot proficiency and training for astronauts.
WB-57F
* Two ex-USAF RB-57F operated in the scientific support role. The aircraft carry mission packages on behalf of various government agencies in a reconfigurable payload bay.
Last edited by James1978 on Sat Dec 03, 2022 1:00 am, edited 2 times in total.
United States Military Aircraft - Other Federal Government
United States Federal Government
Department of Justice - Federal Bureau of Investigation
FBI aircraft are assigned to the Tactical Aviation Unit which includes the Tactical Helicopter Unit (THU) mainly to support SWAT and the Hostage Rescue Teams (HRT).
BO105
*
UH-1D/H
*
Customs and Border Protection - Office of Border Patrol
AS 350B2 AStar
* Used by OBP in the Light Enforcement Helicopter role for aerial surveillance.
EC120B
* Selected by OBP in 2004 to fulfill the Light Sign Cutter requirement to replace the OH-6A
MD600N
* Ued by OBP for observation, SAR, and BORTAC support.
OH-6A
* Used by OBP for low altitude surveillance and security patrols.
UH-1H Huey II
* Used by OBP to support airmobile insertions and to support BORTAC teams.
UH-60A/M Black Hawk
* Used by OBP to support airmobile insertions and to support BORTAC teams.
Hermes 450 UAV
* Two of these UAVs are leased by Border Patrol and operated from Libby AAF, AZ.
Customs and Border Protection - Office of Air & Marine Operations
Cessna 550 Citation II
* Equipped with APG-66 radar and FLIR system.
C-12M King Air
* Light MPA equipped with radar and FLIR assigned to offices in Florida and Puerto Rico.
P-3 AEW
* Equipped with the same radar as the E-2C. Used by CBP for drug interdiction.
P-3 Long Range Tracker
* Equipped with APG-66 radar for long range aerial tracking and surveillance.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
WP-3D
* Two aircraft operated in the Hurricane Hunters role.
Department of Justice - Federal Bureau of Investigation
FBI aircraft are assigned to the Tactical Aviation Unit which includes the Tactical Helicopter Unit (THU) mainly to support SWAT and the Hostage Rescue Teams (HRT).
BO105
*
UH-1D/H
*
Customs and Border Protection - Office of Border Patrol
AS 350B2 AStar
* Used by OBP in the Light Enforcement Helicopter role for aerial surveillance.
EC120B
* Selected by OBP in 2004 to fulfill the Light Sign Cutter requirement to replace the OH-6A
MD600N
* Ued by OBP for observation, SAR, and BORTAC support.
OH-6A
* Used by OBP for low altitude surveillance and security patrols.
UH-1H Huey II
* Used by OBP to support airmobile insertions and to support BORTAC teams.
UH-60A/M Black Hawk
* Used by OBP to support airmobile insertions and to support BORTAC teams.
Hermes 450 UAV
* Two of these UAVs are leased by Border Patrol and operated from Libby AAF, AZ.
Customs and Border Protection - Office of Air & Marine Operations
Cessna 550 Citation II
* Equipped with APG-66 radar and FLIR system.
C-12M King Air
* Light MPA equipped with radar and FLIR assigned to offices in Florida and Puerto Rico.
P-3 AEW
* Equipped with the same radar as the E-2C. Used by CBP for drug interdiction.
P-3 Long Range Tracker
* Equipped with APG-66 radar for long range aerial tracking and surveillance.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
WP-3D
* Two aircraft operated in the Hurricane Hunters role.
Last edited by James1978 on Sat Dec 03, 2022 12:05 am, edited 1 time in total.
Re: United States Military Aircraft - USCG
United States Coast Guard
Fixed Wing
HC-130H/J Hercules
* Used by the USCG primarily for long-range overwater search mission, but also serve a wide variety of other roles. USCG HC-130s are NOT equipped for in-flight refueling of helicopters.
HU-25 Guardian
* Derived from the Falcon 20 business jet. The HU-25 serves in the high-speed spotter role for at sea rescues and in the aerial and ship-borne drug interdiction roles.
Helicopters
HH-3F Pelican
* Shore-based all weather rescue helicopter in USCG service until the late 1990s.
HH-60J Jayhawk
* Variant of the USN’s SH-60 serves as the USCG’s multi-mission helicopter.
HH-65A/B/C Dolphin
* Variant of the Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin used for short range SAR missions. The HH-65 is usually deployed from shore bases, but can be carried on cutters and polar ice breakers.
MH-68A Stingray
* Augusta A109E in USCG service. Flown by the Helicopter Interdiction Tactical Squadron.
MH-90 Enforcer
* Interim aircraft operated by the HITRON from 1998 – 2000, when they were replaced with the MH-68.
Fixed Wing
HC-130H/J Hercules
* Used by the USCG primarily for long-range overwater search mission, but also serve a wide variety of other roles. USCG HC-130s are NOT equipped for in-flight refueling of helicopters.
HU-25 Guardian
* Derived from the Falcon 20 business jet. The HU-25 serves in the high-speed spotter role for at sea rescues and in the aerial and ship-borne drug interdiction roles.
Helicopters
HH-3F Pelican
* Shore-based all weather rescue helicopter in USCG service until the late 1990s.
HH-60J Jayhawk
* Variant of the USN’s SH-60 serves as the USCG’s multi-mission helicopter.
HH-65A/B/C Dolphin
* Variant of the Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin used for short range SAR missions. The HH-65 is usually deployed from shore bases, but can be carried on cutters and polar ice breakers.
MH-68A Stingray
* Augusta A109E in USCG service. Flown by the Helicopter Interdiction Tactical Squadron.
MH-90 Enforcer
* Interim aircraft operated by the HITRON from 1998 – 2000, when they were replaced with the MH-68.
Last edited by James1978 on Sat Dec 03, 2022 12:16 am, edited 1 time in total.
Re: United States Military Aircraft 1989 - 2005
SPACE RESERVED
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Matt Wiser
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Re: United States Military Aircraft 1989 - 2005
Good to see this again! Thanks, James.
The difference between diplomacy and war is this: Diplomacy is the art of telling someone to go to hell so elegantly that they pack for the trip.
War is bringing hell down on that someone.
War is bringing hell down on that someone.
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Kendog52361
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Re: United States Military Aircraft 1989 - 2005
While I freely admit I highly doubt that it will survive/work as a replacement for the S-3 Viking, I still think it should be fully developed. alongside an EV-22 variant, as well. I can see them having a role, both within the US Military, serving on the "Gator Navy Flattops", such as the LHAs and LHDs.SV-22C
* The ASW variant of the V-22 Osprey that is proposed to replace the S-3 Viking in carrier air wings. Congress funded four test & evaluation aircraft that are representative of production models, but has not authorized procurement over concerns that Naval Aviation spending is headed for a train wreck with the CSA, P-8, F-25B, and F-24C all in production simultaneously by FY-09. The demonstrators are currently in testing at NAS Patuxent River.
They could also see service in foreign militaries like the UK's Royal Navy, other navies with "short deck carriers", and even in some ground based roles. I could see the EV-22 serving in Israel, for instance, as a "pop-up" AEW&C aircraft, serving both in case Israeli ground based radars are targeted, but also for an airborne traffic control.
That latter option, an airborne traffic control, could also serve in other countries, like Japan, where natural disasters may knock out ground based airports or traffic control. I realize the USAF has the Combat Controllers, and that's there job, providing austere ATC Operations, but other countries may not have that option.
Yes, in regards to anti-submarine warfare, the US Navy has it's anti-submarine Seahawks, but the SV-22 would give it a longer range than the Seahawk.
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clancyphile
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Re: United States Military Aircraft 1989 - 2005
Thought the Coast Guard once operated Hawkeyes...
Re: United States Military Aircraft 1989 - 2005
Briefly, from 22 January 1987 until 22 November 1991.
The US Customs Service also briefly operated two E-2s, before they were passed to the Coast Guard.
In @ and in TLWverse, they were replaced by the P-3 AEW operated by Customs and Border Protection - Office of Air & Marine Operations.
In @, the USCG briefly tested the EC-130V, which was a C-130H fitted with the E-2 radar system. It didn't go much further in TLWverse.